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CONSELF | Aerospace/Defense
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Aerospace/Defense

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The Aerospace & Defense Industry has to face a large set of new challenges imposed by new environmental constraints as well as by economic, social and politic modern context.

 

Increase in product performance is a must for companies that want to remain competitive, and a faster and cheaper product delivering is fundamental.

 

Improvements in fuel efficiency, optimization of passenger comfort and safety and environmental impact are typical subjects in this sector where development of next-generation aircraft, commercial space vehicles, and unmanned systems like intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) technology are state of art research topics.

 

In this context numerical simulations are not just a plus, they are strategic instruments to be used in the early design phase. Thus, they need to be both accurate and easy to use. Automation and seamless integration with other CAD and CAE tools are two of the main ways to achieve this goal.

Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) is an essential tool to analyse turbomachineries such as pumps, turbines and compressors. CFD is generally applied right after the first machine design stage. This analysis allows to:

 

  • Compute in advance the behavior of a machine without the necessity of physically creating prototypes
  • Estimate the performances of a machine in terms of elaborated energy
  • Evaluate the distribution of fluid pressure and velocity fields
  • Find possible problems such as fluids detachments or creation of vortexes
  • Identify the causes of energy loss in order to optimize the machine

Wind tunnels are the most common instruments for aerodynamic  investigations. Inside them it is possible to simulate a free-stream flow in which the object in scale is tested and a preliminary preview of its performances is provided. Although being very accurate, these tests require great investments both from the economic and the temporal point of view. Besides the wind tunnels managing costs, any company must consider the prototyping as well as the test settings costs and time, which definitely require great economic and organizational effort. CFD offers the best alternative, allowing to run the same tests in a virtual environment.

Heat is a fundamental parameter when dealing with design. There is great number of applications interested in heat transfer, to mention a few:

 

  • Heat flux applied to structures to avoid fusion
  • Convective heat transfers between two fluids without phase switch
  • Thermal shock due to turbulent fluctuations in structures

Nowadays research on enhancing energy efficiency is not only promoted as a matter of competition among companies but also as an improvement from an environmental point of view. Together with this objective, reaching efficiency targets in the shortest possible time and with the lowest expenditure is crucial in order to avoid to arrive behind competitors. The most modern systems for numerical simulations, and in particular CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), are designed to achieve this goal. Precisely with CFD simulations it is possible to estimate the aerodynamics, and in general fluid dynamics, performances of products of any kind already during the conceptual  design.